亚洲鲤鱼增加了新成员！入侵美国的金鱼是否像猪一样肥，有望高调进军五大湖？

最近，一条“巨无霸”金鱼刷屏了。据估计，它大约有足球的大小。从中国人的角度来看，这真的很大。如果把它放在美国，这并不奇怪，因为在明尼苏达州小城市伯恩斯维尔的一个湖泊中发现了许多这样的大金鱼

然而，这些“野生”金鱼给当地带来了崩溃。当地官员在该市的网站上发布了一条明确的信息，要求公众不要再把这些宠物金鱼放进湖里，并配上照片来证明金鱼的生长潜力。它们可以通过搅动水底的沉积物和连根拔起植物来破坏水质，并迅速繁殖以破坏环境。事实上，明尼苏达州自然资源部早就发现了金鱼入侵的迹象。几年前，在伊根中央公园的池塘里发现了大量金鱼。为了避免未来，工作人员不得不与舆论压力作斗争，将他们全部杀死。

虽然这看起来很明智，但对强大的金鱼影响不大。如今，肥猪的体型被称为“入侵金鱼”。该市已开始与第三方达成合作，评估凯勒湖的每种鱼类，以掌握金鱼的入侵程度。虽然目前还没有结果，但金鱼的尿液应该对城市不利。

明尼苏达州只是冰山一角。事实上，美国和欧洲的许多水域都面临着金鱼的入侵，但严重程度不同，但它们对当地水生物种的威胁是不争的事实。那么金鱼如何入侵这些水域

亚洲鲤鱼增加新成员

说起亚洲鲤鱼，我们都知道它们是以鲤鱼和四大鱼类为首的亚洲鱼类的统称。虽然亚洲鲤鱼早就被美国和其他国家列为重要的入侵鱼类物种，但这也是它们自己种植的结果，否则这些鱼就不会有翅膀飞过

1963年，亚洲鲤鱼作为净化水质的“清道夫”被引入美国。之后，亚洲鲤鱼努力工作，许多河流的水质显著改善。但令美国惊讶的是，亚洲鲤鱼悄悄地泛滥了

它们可以吃可以喝，大鲤鱼可以长到1~1.2米长，体重35~50公斤。这估计在中国提供，但在美国被列为公敌！除了挤压当地物种的生存空间，它还可以跳出水面2米以上，轻松翻船。基于数量众多，它已经成为水中霸主

但毕竟金鱼的祖先是鲫鱼，鲫鱼也是亚洲鲤鱼的长辈，所以这个亲戚还是可以被认可的！从最终结果来看，金鱼已经成为亚洲鲤鱼的新成员。虽然它们相对最小，但它们的独特技能并不含糊

首先，金鱼凭借美丽打败了所有对手。早在1000多年前的宋朝，人们就开始从彩色鲫鱼中培育新品种。这种金色的鲫鱼一度成为皇权的象征，民间只允许养殖其他颜色的品种

只能作为捕食者的鲫鱼，凭借其鲜艳的外表和优雅的姿态，成为了人类的“宠物”，根据加州水族馆的贸易报告，水族馆贸易占世界上最严重的水生入侵物种的三分之一。而这种有颜色的金鱼一开始在美国被视为香饽饽

第二，金鱼有一定的“智商”。鱼的记忆只有7秒？事实上，情况并非如此。有养鱼经验的朋友应该有一些感受。当主人出现时，它们会走到一起，摇着尾巴，甚至把嘴暴露在水里互动。一旦陌生人走近，他们会表现得更加胆小

事实上，这是金鱼与人类长期接触的结果。他们有一定的学习和社交能力。具体表现是群体和个人之间存在差异。这在野外也更实用。它对饲养、繁殖、躲避捕食者和适应周围环境都很有帮助

第三，金鱼的适应性很强。鱼缸里养的金鱼看起来软弱无力，但你有没有发现它们真的很好养活。除了被撑死，他们基本上可以一直活着。一旦进入野生水域，它们就会释放出作为鲫鱼的原始特征，成为野生鲫鱼

鲫鱼的适应性是有目共睹的，因此金鱼可以在34℃至-4℃的广泛水温范围内生存。最不正常的是，虽然它是作为淡水鱼出生的，但它可以在半咸水中生存，并且可以在短时间内以脱氧和脱水的状态生存

第四，不要挑食。金鱼不会饿死，但当它们有足够的食物时，它们会一直表现出进食的状态。它们不挑食，可以吃掉所有能看到的水下食物，包括其他鱼类的卵，它们会被卷走并被连根拔起。能吃的代价就是能拉。由于长期异常Asian carp has added new members! Is goldfish invading the United States as fat as a pig and expected to advance into the Great Lakes with a high profile

Recently, a "Big Mac" goldfish has brushed the screen. It is estimated that it is about the size of football. It is really big from the perspective of Chinese people. If it is put in the United States, it is not surprising, because many such big goldfish have been found in a lake in the small city of Burnsville, Minnesota

However, these "wild" goldfish have brought collapse to the local area. Local officials have issued a clear message on the city's website, asking the public not to release these pet goldfish into the lake again, and matching photos to prove the growth potential of goldfish

Although goldfish looks "harmless to humans and animals", it is a full "invasive species" for the local ecological environment. They can damage the water quality by stirring the sediment at the bottom of the water and uprooting plants, and breed rapidly to destroy the environment

In fact, the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources has long found signs of goldfish invasion. A few years ago, a large number of goldfish were found in the pond of Egan Central Park. In order to avoid the future, the staff had to fight the pressure of public opinion and kill them all

Although this seems very wise, it has little impact on the powerful goldfish. Today, the body size of the fat pig has been characterized as "invasive goldfish". The city has begun to reach cooperation with third parties to evaluate each species of fish in Keller Lake to grasp the invasion degree of goldfish. Although the results are not available, the urine of goldfish should be unfavorable to the city

Minnesota is just the tip of the iceberg. In fact, many waters in the United States and Europe are facing the invasion of goldfish, but the severity is different, but their threat to the local aquatic species is an indisputable fact. So how can goldfish invade these waters

Asian carp add new members

Speaking of Asian carp, we all know that they are the collective name of Asian fish headed by carp and four major fish. Although Asian carp has long been listed as an important invasive fish species by the United States and other countries, it is also the result of their own planting, otherwise these fish would not have wings to fly past

In 1963, Asian carp was introduced to the United States as a "scavenger" to purify water quality. After that, Asian carp worked hard and the water quality of many rivers improved significantly. But to the surprise of the United States, Asian carp quietly flooded

They can eat and drink, and the big carp can grow to 1~1.2 meters long and weigh 35~50 kilograms. This is estimated to be offered in China, but it is listed as the public enemy in the United States! In addition to squeezing the living space of local species, it can also jump more than 2 meters out of the water and easily overturn the boat. Based on the large number, it has become the overlord in the water

But after all, the ancestor of goldfish is crucian carp, and crucian carp is also the elder of Asian carp, so this relative can still be recognized! From the final result, goldfish has become the new member of Asian carp. Although they are relatively the smallest, their unique skills are not ambiguous

First, the goldfish defeated all rivals by virtue of their beauty. As early as the Song Dynasty, more than 1000 years ago, people began to cultivate new varieties from colored crucian carp. This kind of golden crucian carp once became a symbol of imperial power, and the folk only allowed to breed varieties of other colors

Crucian carp, which can only be used as a predator, has become the "pet" of human beings by virtue of its bright appearance and elegant posture, and now lives a life of eating and drinking in an elegant and comfortable environment

According to the trade report of the California Aquarium, aquarium trade accounts for one third of the most serious aquatic invasive species in the world. And this kind of goldfish with color was regarded as a sweet cake in the United States at the beginning

Second, goldfish have a certain "IQ". The memory of fish is only 7 seconds? In fact, this is not the case. Friends with experience in fish farming should have some feelings. When the owner appears, they will come together, wag their tails, and even expose their mouths to the water for interaction. Once the stranger approaches, they will behave more timid

In fact, this is the result of goldfish's long-term contact with human beings. They have certain learning and social skills. The specific performance is that there are differences between groups and individuals. This is also more practical in the wild. It is very helpful for feeding, breeding, avoiding predators and adapting to the surrounding environment

Third, goldfish have strong adaptability. The goldfish cultured in the fish tank look soft and weak, but have you found that they are really very good to feed. They can basically live all the time except being propped up to death. Once they enter the wild waters, they will release their original characteristics as crucian carp and become wild crucian carp

The adaptability of crucian carp is obvious to all, so goldfish can survive in a wide range of water temperatures ranging from 34 ℃ to - 4 ℃. The most abnormal is that although it is born as a freshwater fish, it can survive in brackish water and can survive in a short time in the state of deoxidization and dehydration

Fourth, don't be picky about food. Goldfish can't die of hunger, but when they have enough food, they will show a state of eating all the time. They are not picky and can eat all the underwater food they can see, including the eggs of other fish, which will be swept away and uprooted

The only task left is to reproduce and expand the population. The price of being able to eat is to be able to pull. Due to the long-term abnormal evolution, goldfish's intestines also become indigestion. In a short time, it can produce a lot of feces and other wastes. After being discharged from the body, it will pollute the water quality

In 1603, Japan introduced goldfish from China as the exclusive use of the royal family, and carried it forward, cultivating many world-famous species of koi. In 1611, Portugal introduced goldfish, which also served as a springboard and gradually spread to other parts of Europe as an ornamental fish. In 1850, the goldfish was introduced to North America. At first, they lived alone in the aquarium. Later, they met Asian carp in the wild waters, and found the feeling of home

The invasion of goldfish in the United States is also their own fruit, because even the most beautiful fish will fall out of favor one day, and the owner of aesthetic fatigue can't bear to kill his pet goldfish, so releasing is the best choice, and can also provide psychological comfort! Therefore, goldfish are largely invested in natural lakes and rivers, and the goldfish that restore their freedom also need to survive, but the invasion and flooding are not intended

Can we advance into the Great Lakes

As early as 2013, Scientific American reported that scientists trawled a 45cm long and 1.9kg goldfish from Lake Tahoe, located on the border between California and Nevada

In 2018, a large number of goldfish were found in a lake in Spokane, the second largest city in Washington State of the United States, for which Washington State had to pay 150000 dollars for complete repair

In November 2020, Carver County, Minnesota, picked up more than 50000 goldfish from the local waters. After treatment, it also spent 88000 US dollars to develop a long-term defense plan to prevent the resurgence of goldfish

On December 9, 2020, Tehok from South Carolina said that he had found a giant goldfish in the lake in Oakgrove Lake Park in Greenville County, which was estimated to weigh 9 pounds, or about 4.1 kilograms

According to the data of the United States Geological Survey, goldfish in the wild can live to 30 years old, and most goldfish can grow to more than 6 pounds, about 2.72 kilograms. The female goldfish can sexually mature and spawn at 1000-1500 eggs at a time, while the goldfish can spawn 70000-80000 eggs in three years. It is unimaginable to go on like this

Minnesota, the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River are adjacent to each other, and the river networks between the two waters are intertwined. It is impossible to say that there is no goldfish in the water, but it is not to the extent of flooding. It is also related to some measures taken by the US government to prevent the invasion of Asian carp

Kentucky and Tennessee jointly invested $7 million to install a sound barrier at the Buckley sluice. Kentucky gives fishermen who kill Asian carp a subsidy of 5 cents per pound of fish. The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign made Asian carp into silver fin fillets and sold them to school students. In 2019, Illinois provided up to US $8000 for each participant who established the Asian carp sales company

The goldfish, based on its relatively small size, is not suitable for taking the lead. It can only follow the steps of the "big brothers" and act as an assistant to the Asian carp. As long as the Asian carp breaks through various obstacles, it can take the opportunity to advance into the Great Lakes with a high profile! With the above "excellent quality" and super reproductive ability, a small flood should not be a problem