美国惊讶地发现，耐高温和低温的“橄榄球”巨型金鱼在美国没有天敌。

金鱼是大家印象中“浮衣、柔弱无骨”的观赏鱼形象。许多朋友花了很多钱来喂养金鱼和饲养金鱼。一个金鱼水族箱很有价值

如果金鱼被放生到野外，估计那一年它可能活不下去，也不能在水族箱里饲养。它如何在野外生存？答案是，它不仅可以生存，还可以入侵当地生态，造成巨大破坏

当地官员：请不要让它走！

明尼阿波利斯南部的伯恩斯维尔在网上发布了一张在凯勒湖发现的巨型金鱼的照片，这真的让所有人都感到惊讶。除了可以识别为金鱼的尾鳍和颜色外，其他部分已经严重“变形”，比足球还大，恢复了鲫鱼的本色，而且似乎比鲫鱼还要多

“请不要把你的宠物金鱼放进池塘和湖泊！它们长得比你想象的还要大，会破坏底部的沉积物和连根拔起的植物，导致水质变差”

这是Burnsville社交媒体账号发布的消息，请大家庭不要随意放生它们！！Facebook上的一篇文章称，伯恩斯维尔与苹果谷和CarpSolution合作，对凯勒湖进行了调查，以评估“入侵金鱼”和其他鱼类种群。虽然结果还没有出来，但这并不乐观

明尼苏达州自然资源部（DNR）表示，几年前在伊根中央公园的一个池塘里发现了大量金鱼，DNR不得不将它们打捞起来并杀死。当时也有很多争议，但后来发现，这种做法无疑是正确的

金鱼是什么鱼？怎么会变得这么大

金鱼其实是鲫鱼，这是一种原产于中国的观赏鱼。在自然条件下，野外有许多五颜六色的鱼，如鲫鱼和鲤鱼。金鱼是以彩色鲫鱼为基础培育的。不要低估了这条软绵绵的鱼。它们有很强的适应性，可以在高达34℃或低至-4℃的冰下生存。它非常耐高温。现在美国的高温季节对金鱼没有影响，对食物的要求也不高。你可以参考鲫鱼。这种鱼不会长时间死亡，比鳙鱼和鲢鱼高一个数量级。在繁殖状态下很容易保持它的性格，但在野生状态下，它很快就会表现出它的“原形”，即变成鲫鱼

因为美国没有本土的鲫鱼，所以这些鱼不是很天敌。此外，它们颜色鲜艳，很吸引人。因此，许多朋友在遗弃它们后会将它们放在公园和湖泊中，这也会导致人们喂养它们，甚至会将它们带回重新喂养。油管上有一段视频，说公园里的小湖里养着金鱼。人们似乎害怕拥挤。这些金鱼与这种浓度导致的低氧含量无关

2020年12月9日，南卡罗来纳州格林维尔县公园官员表示，在奥克格罗夫湖公园一个5公顷的湖泊中发现了一条9磅（约4.1公斤）重的巨型金鱼。这样大的鲫鱼即使在中国也非常罕见

根据美国地质调查局（USGS）的数据，金鱼的平均寿命约为6至7年，但在野外发现的金鱼可以活到30岁，大多数金鱼可以长到6磅以上。一般情况下，当年的雌性金鱼可以产1000-1500个卵，而三年的金鱼可以产7-8万个卵，所以你可以想象这真的很可怕

放生混乱：美国的入侵物种

放生这种看似“贤惠”的行为，不知道会对生态环境造成多大的危害！美国最典型的案例是缅甸蟒蛇的入侵。据信，正是因为宠物，来自东南亚的缅甸蟒蛇才进入佛罗里达州迈阿密的北美宠物中转市场。这可能是因为宠物主人放生了，也可能是因为飓风中的农场被摧毁并逃脱了。

迈阿密附近的大沼泽地区已经成为缅甸蟒蛇的世界，因为这种蛇可以长到7-8米，重达数十万克。大沼泽地区的大量原生动物已经中毒。截至目前，大沼泽地地区的缅甸蟒蛇数量在3万至30万只之间。根据美国地质调查局1997年至2012年进行的相关调查，大沼泽地的生态受到了严重影响：浣熊数量减少：99.3%

负鼠数量减少：98.9%

山猫数量减少：87.5%

所以现在美国人招募猎鼠者猎杀缅甸蟒蛇，因为缅甸蟒蛇没有天敌，据估计，几年后，大沼泽地将只剩下缅甸蟒蛇

除了缅甸蟒蛇，美国最著名的入侵鱼类是亚洲鲤鱼，在中国很美味，但美国人不吃带刺的鱼！为了清洁水质，美国从东南亚进口了八种亚洲鱼类，包括鳙鱼（肥头鱼）、鲢鱼和草鱼，到水产养殖湖区。众所周知，不仅仅是亚洲人The United States is surprised to see that "rugby" giant goldfish, which is resistant to high temperature and low temperature, has no natural enemies in the United States.

Goldfish is the image of "floating clothes, weak and boneless" ornamental fish in everyone's impression. Many friends have spent a lot of money to feed goldfish and raise goldfish. A goldfish aquarium is very valuable

If the goldfish is released into the wild, it is estimated that it may not survive that year, and it can not be raised in the aquarium. How can it survive in the wild? The answer is that it can not only live, but also invade the local ecology, causing huge damage

Local official: Please don't let it go!

Burnsville, south of Minneapolis, released a picture of the giant goldfish found in Keller Lake on the Internet, which really surprised everyone. Except for the tail fin and color, which can be recognized as goldfish, other parts have been seriously "deformed", larger than football, recovering the true color of its crucian carp, and seems to be even more than crucian carp

"Please don't release your pet goldfish into ponds and lakes! They grow bigger than you think, and will damage the bottom sediment and uproot plants, resulting in poor water quality"

This is the news released by the social media account in Burnsville, and ask the big family not to release them randomly!! An article on Facebook said that Burnsville had cooperated with Apple Valley and CarpSolution to conduct an investigation on Keller Lake to assess the "invasive goldfish" and other fish populations. Although the results have not yet come out, it is not optimistic

The Minnesota Department of Natural Resources (DNR) said that a large number of goldfish were found in a pond in Egan Central Park a few years ago, and DNR had to fish them up and kill them. At that time, there was also a lot of controversy, but later it was found that this practice was undoubtedly correct

What kind of fish is goldfish? How can it become so big

Goldfish is actually crucian carp, which is an ornamental fish originating in China. There are many colorful fish in the wild under natural conditions, such as crucian carp and carp. Goldfish is cultivated on the basis of colored crucian carp. Don't underestimate the soft and weak fish. They have strong adaptability

It can survive under the ice at as high as 34 ℃ or as low as - 4 ℃. It is very resistant to high temperature. Now the high temperature season in the United States has no impact on goldfish, and the requirements for food are not high. You can refer to the crucian carp. This kind of fish will not die for a long time, which is an order of magnitude higher than that of bighead carp and silver carp. It is easy to maintain its character in the breeding state, but in the wild state, it will soon show its "original shape", that is, it will become crucian carp

Because there is no native crucian carp in the United States, these fish are not very natural enemies. In addition, they are brightly colored and attractive. Therefore, many friends will release them in parks and lakes after abandoning them, which will also cause people to feed them, or even bring them back to feed again

But obviously they are more suitable for growing in open water, so this is the reason why the officials of the ecological department in Burnsville have a headache. There was a video on the oil pipe that the small lake in a park was densely populated with goldfish. It seems that people are afraid of being crowded. The goldfish have nothing to do with the low oxygen content caused by such concentration

On December 9, 2020, the park official of Greenville County, South Carolina, said that a 9-pound (about 4.1 kg) giant goldfish was found in a 5-hectare lake in Oakgrove Lake Park. Such a large crucian carp is very rare even in China

According to the data of the USGS (United States Geological Survey), the average life span of goldfish is about 6 to 7 years, but the goldfish found in the wild can live to 30 years, and most goldfish can grow to more than 6 pounds. Generally, the female goldfish in that year can lay 1000-1500 eggs, while the goldfish in three years can lay 70000 to 80000 eggs, so you can imagine that it is really terrible

Releasing chaos: the invasive species of the United States

releasing this seemingly "virtuous" behavior does not know how much harm it will cause to the ecological environment! The most typical case in the United States is the invasion of Burmese pythons. It is believed that it is because of pets that Burmese pythons from Southeast Asia enter the North American pet transit market in Miami, Florida. It may be because pet owners set free, or because the farms that came in the hurricane were destroyed and escaped

The Everglades area near Miami has become the world of Burmese pythons, because this snake can grow to 7-8 meters and weigh hundreds of thousands of grams. A large number of protozoa in the Everglades area have been poisoned. Up to now, the number of Burmese pythons in the Everglades area is between 30000 and 300000. According to the relevant survey conducted by USGS from 1997 to 2012, The ecology of the Everglades has been seriously affected:

The number of raccoons has decreased: 99.3%

The number of opossums has decreased: 98.9%

The number of bobcats has decreased: 87.5%

So now the Americans are recruiting boa hunters to hunt and kill Burmese pythons, because Burmese pythons have no natural enemies, and it is estimated that in a few years, only Burmese pythons will be left in the Everglades

In addition to Burmese python, the most famous invasive fish in the United States is Asian carp, which is delicious in China, but Americans do not eat fish with thorns! In order to clean the water, the United States imported eight Asian fish from Southeast Asia, including bighead fish (fat head fish), silver carp and grass carp, to the aquaculture lake area. As we all know, not only are Asian carp flooding in many places, but also people are injured or even killed every year because these fish jump from the water

The other is Asian tiger shrimp, wild boar in the United States and Japanese tiger stick and tumbleweed in plants. Some are caused by release, and some are brought in by trade, but the results are the same! Don't introduce a species randomly, maybe it is the beginning of disaster

China's release of chaos: there is more than that.

We all know the dangers of random release, but there are always some people who have cognitive bias to release "accumulated virtue", and the exaggeration of release also makes us dumbfounded

On June 21, 2009, a large number of birds were crushed to death by vehicles hours after the bird lovers in Fuzhou released, and the next day, birds without the ability to survive in the wild starved to death

In June 2009, a "kind" crowd released the tortoise into the sea at the second Guangdong Fishing and Life Festival

On July 3, 2012, beside the lakeside of the Grand View Garden in Beijing, Pan Zhengbin, an Anhui native who was doing catering business in Beijing, was stopped when he was about to release the crocodile turtle he bought into the lake

On April 9, 2019, the Beijing Youth Daily reported that several men bought 70000 yuan of crayfish and fish to "release" in the West Lake and Tongxin Lake in Changchun. It is said that the crayfish gave them a dream and need to be rescued

Release has become an industry. Catch it, release it again! You can't change this cognitive bias, because they think they are doing "good"

There are many invasive species in China, such as crayfish, fushou snail, African giant snail, tilapia, water hyacinth, Canadian goldenrod and so on. It's enough. It's a sin to release the most ferocious finch eel in South America