金鱼养殖中的水温控制

水温是金鱼养殖的关键因素。如果温度控制不当，会导致金鱼出现各种状况，如鱼鳞疏松、淤血、失去膀胱、体色变黑。一些人怀疑金鱼感染了病毒和细菌。事实上，这是由水温引起的。金鱼不能调节自己的温度，它的温度会随着外界水温的变化而变化。如果水温过高或过低，金鱼就无法忍受如此大的温差，会生病。金鱼能适应的最高水温为34℃，最适合的水温为20至24℃，冬眠期间最适合的温度为4-6℃。水池和池塘中水温的变化应该是长期缓慢的上升和下降，以使金鱼适应。一旦升降温差超过5℃，金鱼就会不适应，从生病到死亡。因此，换水和混合时的水温差不应大于2℃，夏季新水可比旧水低1-2℃，冬季新水应比旧水高1-2℃。小鱼苗对水温差的变化更为敏感。幼苗第一次换水时，新老水温必须一致，否则会导致整盆小苗死亡。金鱼对水温的需求因季节而异。春天，金鱼出盆后，随着水温的升高，活动开始增加，食物消耗也随之增加。当水温上升到18至20升时，就会进入人行的孵化期，5-7天就能孵化出幼虫。水温调节对金鱼的生长非常重要

夏天气温一天比一天高，水温也在上升。如果不采取相应措施，极易造成缺氧的饲养水，或产生有害物质，导致金鱼中暑或中毒，不仅影响金鱼的观赏效果，还会造成死亡。因此，首先要注意适当降低金鱼的放养密度，避免因缺氧而中暑。虽然金鱼喜欢分组饲养，但每个鱼缸的数量应该适当。此外，在高温期间，应每天更换一次水。新水的水温应比原缸水温略低1~2℃，既有利于保持水中的溶解氧，又能避免有害物质的产生，防止金鱼中毒。同时，中午不应进行钓鱼和换水。夏秋之后，天气凉爽，金鱼的生长速度减慢，进入育肥期。把金鱼放在绿色的水中，以减少鱼的活动量。尽管食欲下降，但活饲料必须充足且不间断，以便为金鱼安全过冬奠定良好的身体基础。在秋季末和冬季初，当水温降至6-4时，人们应该度过冬天。当水温保持在8℃以下时，金鱼将进入冬眠，代谢功能下降，呼吸减慢，对水中溶解氧的需求减少，鱼将在几乎没有活动的情况下潜入水底，基本停止进食。此时，金鱼在休眠期将水温控制在4-6℃是合适的。冬季，防寒降温成为管理的重点。除了削皮和去除底部外，尽量减少换水的次数。如果水温差波动过大，金鱼会因为冷热而生病，这是北方金鱼出盆前后死亡的主要原因。如果水温高于7℃，金鱼就不能冬眠。对于不冬眠的金鱼，有必要适当喂养和更换水。最后，如何防止水温突然变化？金鱼缸的水域通常很小。气候变化将很快影响水温的上升和下降。因此，应特别注意在气候突然变化时采取覆盖和加热等保护措施。当金鱼缸完全更换时，即使水质符合要求，如果新水和旧水的温度测量出现误差，也会造成水温突然变化的危害。最后，如果昼夜温差超过5℃，鱼容器不应在室外过夜，而应移至室内或采取遮盖、加热等预防措施

Control of water temperature in goldfish breeding

Water temperature is a key factor in goldfish breeding. If the temperature is not controlled properly, it will cause various conditions of goldfish, such as loose scales, congestion, loss of swim bladder, and body color blackening. Some people suspect that the goldfish is infected with viruses and bacteria. In fact, this is caused by water temperature. Goldfish cannot regulate its own temperature, and its temperature will change with the temperature of the outside water, If the water temperature is too high or too low, goldfish can't stand such a large temperature difference and will get sick. The maximum water temperature that goldfish can adapt to is 34 ℃, the most suitable water temperature is 20 to 24 ℃, and the most suitable water temperature during hibernation is 4-6 ℃. The change of water temperature in the basin and pond should be a long-term slow rise and fall to make the goldfish adapt. Once the temperature difference between rise and fall exceeds 5 ℃, the goldfish will not adapt, ranging from illness to death. Therefore, the water temperature difference during water change and mixing should not be greater than 2 ℃, the new water can be 1-2 ℃ lower than the old water in summer, and the new water should be 1-2 ℃ higher than the old water in winter. Small fry are more sensitive to the change of water temperature difference. When the young fry change water for the first time, the new and old water temperature must be the same, otherwise the whole basin of small fry will die. The demand of goldfish for water temperature varies from season to season. In spring, after the goldfish come out of the basin, the activity begins to increase with the increase of water temperature, and the food consumption also increases. When the water temperature rises to 18 to 20 liters, the hatching period of human row will be entered, and the larvae can be hatched in 5-7 days. Water temperature regulation is very important for the growth of goldfish

The temperature is rising day by day in summer, and the water temperature is also rising. If no corresponding measures are taken, it is very easy to cause anoxic feeding water, or produce harmful substances, resulting in heatstroke or poisoning of goldfish, which not only affects the viewing effect of goldfish, but also causes death. Therefore, first of all, we should pay attention to properly reduce the stocking density of goldfish to avoid heatstroke due to hypoxia. Although goldfish prefer to be raised in groups, the quantity of each tank should be appropriate. In addition, during the high temperature period, the water should be changed once a day. The water temperature of the new water should be slightly lower than the water temperature in the original cylinder by 1~2 ℃, which is not only conducive to maintaining the dissolved oxygen in the water, but also can avoid the generation of harmful substances and prevent goldfish poisoning. At the same time, fishing and changing water should not be carried out at noon. After summer and autumn, the weather is cool, and the growth rate of goldfish slows down, entering the fattening period. Keep goldfish in green water to reduce the amount of activity of the fish. Although the appetite decreases, the live feed must be sufficient and uninterrupted, so as to lay a good physical foundation for goldfish to survive the winter safely. At the end of autumn and the beginning of winter, when the water temperature drops to 6-4, people should live through the winter. When the temperature of the water is kept below 8 ℃, the goldfish will enter hibernation, the metabolic function will decline, the respiration will slow, the demand for dissolved oxygen in the water will decrease, and the fish will dive into the bottom with little activity, and will basically stop eating. At this time, it is appropriate for the goldfish to control the water temperature of 4-6 ℃ during the dormancy period. In winter, cold prevention and temperature control become the key point of management. In addition to peeling and removing the bottom, try to reduce the number of water changes. If the water temperature difference fluctuates too large, the goldfish will get sick because of cold and heat, which is the main cause of death of goldfish in the north before and after coming out of the basin. If the water temperature is higher than 7 ℃, goldfish cannot hibernate. For goldfish that do not hibernate, it is necessary to properly feed and change water. Finally, how to prevent sudden changes in water temperature? The water area of the goldfish tank is generally small. Climate change will soon affect the rise and fall of water temperature. Therefore, special attention should be paid to taking protective measures such as covering and heating in case of sudden changes in climate. When the goldfish tank is completely changed, even if the water quality meets the requirements, if there is an error in the measurement of the temperature of the new water and the old water, it will also cause the harm of sudden changes in water temperature. Finally, if the temperature difference between day and night exceeds 5 ℃, the fish container should not stay outdoors for the night, but should be moved indoors or covered, heated and other preventive measures